![]() The application has two modules: one for analysis and another for processing. I also review the historical context of the most well-known and extensive of these inventories, which will provide the reader with the necessary background in the art and science of information quantification.Sound Normalizer is a tool that will allow us to adjust digital audio files to their highest listening point, which is commonly known as volume normalization. The goal of these conclusions is to offer the reader a quick overview about the current state of the art, as well as some of the recurrently mentioned challenges (a much more detailed and balanced description of the challenges will be found within the different articles). As guest editor of this Special Section, I start by providing some of the main conclusions that I draw from this exercise. In the eight articles of this Special Section, authors of some of the most extensive of those inventories discuss findings, research priorities, advantages, and limitations, as well as methodological and measurement differences in their approaches. Pressed by the exploding number of information and communication technologies (ICTs) the recent decades, several research projects have taken up this question more systematically since the 1960s. 283 BC) was asked to organize the Library of Alexandria in order to quantify “how many thousand books are there” (Aristeas, ca. The question of “how much information” there is in the world goes back at least to the time when Aristotle’s student Demetrius (367 BC–ca. All of this shows that it is pivotal to start measuring the world’s communication capacity not merely in terms of the installed number of devices, but also in terms of the transmitted amount of information. ![]() Only eight countries host two-thirds of the installed global telecommunication capacity. It shows that telecommunication capacity (in kbps) is highly concentrated on the international level. While the average inhabitant of the developed world counted with some 40 kbps more than the average member of the information society in developing countries in 2001, this gap grew to over 3 Mbps per capita in 2010. From an international perspective it is striking that the shape and form of the digital divide measured in kbps per capita turns out to be quite different from the evolutionary trajectory of the digital divide when measured in terms of technological devices per capita. We show that technological progress is the main driver behind the world’s telecommunication capacity and that the contribution of the installation of new infrastructure is becoming less significant to the total growth of global communication. This also implies that most of the world’s technologically mediated information (99 %) is carried through downstream channels, while upstream communication is still marginal (even though rapidly growing). Television still accounts for 95 % of the effective information flow in 2007. We distinguish between 12 broadcasting and 31 telecommunication technologies. This article analyzes the nature and characteristics of the world’s technological capacity to communicate information in bits per second during the two decades that were characterized by the digitization of global information flows (1986 to 2007/2010). The article shows how the particular question on the researcher’s mind, as well as the availability of source data has and will influence most of the methodological choices in different exercises. We compare our methodological choices with different approaches taken in similar studies. ![]() The most basic underlying assumptions behind our estimates include-among others-decisions about what is counted as (1) communication, (2) storage, and (3) computation if technological capacities or consumption of information is measured and if unique information is distinguished from duplicate information. In Part I, we summarize the results of our inventory, and explore a series of basic choices that must be made in the course of measuring information and communication capacities. It is written from the perspective of the results of our recent inventory of 60 technological categories between 19 (measured in bits and MIPS ). Part I of this two-part article reviews methodological and statistical challenges involved in the estimation of humanity’s technological capacity to communicate, store, and compute information.
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